Blue toruses = 58 protons
Red toruses = 30 nuclear electrons
Atomic number of Ni58 = protons (58) - nuclear electrons (30) = (28)
Atomic number of Ni60 = protons (60) - nuclear electrons (32) = (28)
Central rod core Ni58 = 30 protons + 16 nuclear electrons (obsolete)
Central rod core Ni60 = 32 protons + 18 nuclear electrons (obsolete)
Central rod core Ni58 = 2T + 14D = 34 protons + 18 nuclear electrons (= S34 nucleus, stable). The ring = 6He4
Central rod core Ni60 = 4T + 12D = 36 protons + 20 nuclear electrons (= S36 nucleus, stable). The ring = 6He4
Click on image for probably not stable isomer of Ni58 nucleus (obsolete)
Torus model of photon and matter
Nuclear structure of the elements
Nickel 56 and physical constants
| Ni58 | Ni60 |
| H | He | Li | Be | B | C | N | O | F | Ne |
| Na | Mg | Si | S | Ar | Ca | Fe | Ni | Nd | Pb |